“High aims form high characters, and great objects bring out great minds” – Tryon Edwards
Contents
A Quick Guide to VBA Objects
Task | Examples |
---|---|
Declare and Create | Dim coll As New Collection Dim o As New Class1 |
Declare Only | Dim coll As Collection Dim o As Class1 |
Create at run time | Set coll = New Collection Set o = New Class1 |
Assign to Excel Object | Dim wk As Workbook Set wk = Workbooks("book1.xlsx") |
Assign using CreateObject | Dim dict As Object Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") |
Assign to existing object | Dim coll1 As New Collection Dim coll2 As Collection Set coll2 = coll1 |
Return from Function | Function GetCollection() As Collection Dim coll As New Collection Set GetCollection = coll End Function |
Receive from Function | Dim coll As Collection Set coll = GetCollection |
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Introduction
If you are serious about learning VBA then it is important to understand VBA Objects. Using objects is not that difficult. In fact, they make your life much easier.
In this post, you will see how VBA makes brilliant use of objects. How objects such as Collections, Workbooks and Worksheets save you much complexity, time and effort.
In my next post, I will cover creating objects using Class Modules. However, before you create your own it is vital that you understand exactly what they are and why you need them.
So grab your favourite beverage and take a journey into the fascinating world of VBA objects.
What is a VBA Object?
To understand what an object is, we must first look at simple variables. In VBA we have basic data types such as string, integers, double and date.
We use these data types when we are creating a variable e.g.
Dim Score As Long, Price As Double Dim Firstname As String, Startdate As Date Score = 45 Price = 24.55 Firstname = "John" Startdate = #12/12/2016#
Basic VBA variables have only one purpose. To store a value while our application is running. We either put a value in the variable or read a value from the variable.
Dim Marks As Long ' Store value in Marks Marks = 90 Marks = 34 + 44 Marks = Range("A1") ' Read value from Marks Range("B2") = Marks Debug.Print Marks
In VBA we have a Collection which we use to store groups of items. The following code shows an example of using a Collection in VBA
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub UseCollection() Dim collFruit As New Collection ' Add item to the collection collFruit.Add "Apple" collFruit.Add "Pear" ' Get the number of items in the collection Dim lTotal As Long lTotal = collFruit.Count End Sub
The Collection is an example of an object. It is more than a variable. That is, it does more than storing a piece of data. We can add items, remove items and get the number of items.
Definition of a VBA Object: An object is a grouping of data and procedures(i.e. Functions and Subs). The procedures are used to perform some task related to the data.
In the Collection the data is the group of the items it stores. The procedures such as Add, Remove, Count then act on this data.
In the Worksheet object, the main data item is the worksheet and all the procedures perform actions related to the worksheet.
Why VBA Uses Objects
An object is used to represent real world or computer based items.
The major benefit of an object is that it hides the implementation details. Take the VBA Collection we looked at above. It is doing some complicated stuff. When an item is added it must allocate memory, add the item, update the item count and so on.
We don’t know how it is doing this and we don’t need to know. All that we need to know is when we use Add it will add the item, Remove will remove the item and Count will give the number of items.
Using objects allows us to build our applications as blocks. Building it this way means you can work on one part without affecting other parts of your application. It also makes it easier to add items to an application. For example, a Collection can be added to any VBA application. It is not affected in any way by the existing code and in turn it will not affect the existing code.
A Real World Analogy
Looking at a real-world example can often be a good way to understand concepts.
Take a car with a combustion engine. When you are driving your car, a lot of complex stuff is happening. For example, fuel gets injected, compressed and ignited leading to combustion. This then causes the wheels of your car to turn.
The details of how this happens are hidden from you. All you expect is that turning the key will start the car, pressing the accelerator will speed it up and pressing the brake will slow it down and so on.
Think of how great your code would be if it was full of these type of objects. Self-contained and dedicated to performing one set of tasks really well. It would make building your applications so much easier.
Object Components
There are three main items that an object can have. These are
- Properties – These are used to set or retrieve a value.
- Methods – These are function or subs that perform some task on the objects data.
- Events – These are function or subs that are triggered when a given event occurs
If you look in the Object Browser(F2) or use Intellisense you will notice different icons beside the members of an object. For example, the screenshot below shows the first three members of the Worksheet object
What these icons mean is as follows
Let’s take a look at the first three members of the worksheet.
It has an Activate method which we can use to make worksheet active.
It has an Activate event which is triggered when the worksheet is activated.
The Application property allows us to reference the application(i.e. Excel).
' Prints "Microsoft Excel" Debug.Print Sheet1.Application.Name ' Prints the worksheet name Debug.Print Sheet1.Name
In the next sections we will look at each of these components in more detail.
Object Properties
An object property allows us to read a value from the object or write a value to the object. We read and write to a property the same way we read and write to a variable.
' Set the name sheet1.Name = "Accounts" ' Get the name sName = sheet1.Name
A property can be read-only which means we can read the value but we cannot update the value.
In the VBA Range, Address is a read-only property
' The address property of range Debug.Print Sheet1.Range("A1").Address
The workbook property Fullname is also a read-only property
' The Fullname property of the Workbook object
sFile = ThisWorkbook.Fullname
Properties can also Set and Get objects. For example, the Worksheet has a UsedRange property that return a Range object
Set rg = Sheet1.UsedRange
You will notice we used the Set keyword here. We will be looking at this in detail later in the post.
Object Methods
A method is a Sub or a Function. For example, Add is a method of the Collection
' Collection Add method Coll.Add "Apple"
Methods are used to perform some action to do with the object data. With a Collection, the main data is the group of items we are storing. You can see that the Add, Remove and Count methods all perform some action relating to this data.
Another example of a method is the Workbook SaveAs method
Dim wk As Workbook Set wk = Workbooks.Open "C:\Docs\Accounts.xlsx" wk.SaveAs "C:\Docs\Accounts_Archived.xlsx"
and the Worksheets Protect and Copy methods
sheet1.Protect "MyPassword"
Sheet1.Copy Before:=Sheet2
Object Events
Visual Basic is an event-driven language. What this means is that the code runs when an event occurs. Common events are button clicks, workbook Open, worksheet Activate etc.
In the code below we display a message each time Sheet1 is activated by the user. This code must be placed in the worksheet module of Sheet1.
Private Sub Worksheet_Activate() MsgBox "Sheet1 has been activated." End Sub
Now that we know the parts of the VBA object let’s look at how we use an object in our code.
Creating a VBA Object
In VBA, our code must “Create” an object before we can use it. We create an object using the New keyword.
If we try to use an object before it is created we will get an error. For example, take a look at the code below
Dim coll As Collection coll.Add "Apple"
When we reach the Add line no Collection has been created.
If we try to run this line we get the following error
There are three steps to creating a VBA object
- Declare the variable.
- Create a new object.
- Assign the variable to the object.
We can perform these steps in one line using Dim and New together. Alternatively, we can declare the variable in one line and then create and assign the object in another line using Set.
Let’s take a look at both of these techniques.
Using Dim with New
When we use Dim and New together they declare, create and assign all in one line.
' Declare, Create and Assign Dim coll As New Collection
Using code like does not provide much flexibility. It will always create exactly one Collection when we run our code.
In the next section we will look at Set. This allows us to create objects based on conditions and without having to declare a variable for each new object.
Using Set with New
We can declare an object variable in one line and then we can use Set to create and assign the object on another line. This provides us with a lot of flexibility.
In the code below we declare the object variable using Dim. We then create and assign it using the Set keyword.
' Declare Dim coll As Collection ' Create and Assign Set coll = New Collection
We use Set in this way when the number of objects can vary. Using Set allows us to create multiple objects. In other words, we can create objects as we need them. We can’t do this using Dim and New.
We can also use conditions to determine if we need to create an object e.g.
Dim coll As Collection ' Only create collection if cell has data If Range("A1") <> "" Then Set coll = New Collection End If
Later in this post we will see some examples of using Set to create objects.
Subtle Differences of Dim Versus Set
There are some subtle differences between using New with Set and using New with Dim.
When we use New with Dim, VBA does not create the object until the first time we use it.
In the following code, the collection will not be created until we reach the line that adds “Pear”.
Dim coll As New Collection ' Collection is created on this line coll.Add "Pear"
If you put a breakpoint on the Add line and check the variable value you will see the following message
Object variable or With block variable not set
When the Add line runs, the Collection will be created and the variable will now show a Collection with one item.
The reason for this is as follows. A Dim statement is different to other VBA lines of code. When VBA reaches a Sub/Function it looks at the Dim statements first. It allocates memory based on the items in the Dim statements. It is not in a position to run any code at this point.
Creating an object requires more than just allocating memory. It can involve code being executed. So VBA must wait until the code in the Sub is running before it can create the object.
Using Set with New is different in this regard to using Dim with New. The Set line is used by VBA when the code is running so VBA creates the object as soon as we use Set and New e.g.
Dim coll As Collection ' Collection is created on this line Set coll = New Collection coll.Add "Pear"
There is another subtlety to keep in mind using New. If we set the object variable to Nothing and then use it again, VBA will automatically create a new object e.g.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub EmptyColl2() ' Create collection and add items Dim coll As New Collection ' add items here coll.Add "Apple" ' Empty collection Set coll = Nothing ' VBA automatically creates a new object coll.Add "Pear" End Sub
If we used Set in the above code to create the new Collection then the “Add Pear” line would cause an error.
When New Is Not Required
You may have noticed some objects don’t use the New keyword.
Dim sh As Worksheet Set sh = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")
Dim wk As Workbook Set wk = Workbooks.Open("C:\Docs\Accounts.xlsx")
When a workbook, is opened or created, VBA automatically creates the VBA object for it. It also creates the worksheet object for each worksheet in that workbook.
Conversely, when we close the workbook VBA will automatically delete the VBA objects associated with it.
This is great news. VBA is doing all the work for us. So when we use Workbooks.Open, VBA opens the file and creates the workbook object for the workbook.
An important point to remember is that there is only one object for each workbook. If you use different variables to reference the workbook they are all referring to the same object e.g.
Dim wk1 As Workbook Set wk1 = Workbooks.Open("C:\Docs\Accounts.xlsx") Dim wk2 As Workbook Set wk2 = Workbooks("Accounts.xlsx") Dim wk3 As Workbook Set wk3 = wk2
We will look at this in more detail in the VBA Objects in Memory section below.
Using CreateObject
There are some very useful libaries that are not part of Excel VBA. These include the Dictionary, Database objects, Outlook VBA objects, Word VBA objects and so on.
These are written using COM interfaces. The beauty of COM is that we can easily use these libraries in our projects.
If we add a reference to the library we create the object in the normal way.
' Select Tools->References and place a check ' beside "Microsoft Scripting Runtime" Dim dict As New Scripting.Dictionary
If we don’t use a reference we can create the object at run time using CreateObject.
Dim dict As Object Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
The first method is referred to as Early Binding and the second is referred to as Late Binding(see Early versus Late Binding) for more details.
Assigning VBA Objects
We can assign basic variables using the Let keyword.
Dim sText As String, lValue As Long Let sText = "Hello World" Let lValue = 7
The Let keyword is optional so nobody actually uses it. However, it is important to understand what it is used for.
sText = "Hello World"
lValue = 7
When we assign a value to a property we are using the Let Property
' Both lines do the same thing sheet1.Name = "Data" Let sheet1.Name = "Data"
When we assign an object variable we use the Set keyword instead of the Let keyword. When I use “object variable” I mean any variable that isn’t a basic variable such as a string, long or double etc..
' wk is the object variable Dim wk As Worksheet Set wk = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets(1) ' coll1 is the object variable Dim coll1 As New Collection coll1.Add "Apple" ' coll2 is the object variable Dim coll2 As Collection Set coll2 = coll1
Using the Set keyword is mandatory. If we forget to use Set we will get the error below
coll2 = coll1
It may look like Let and Set are doing the same thing. But they are actually doing different things:
- Let stores a value
- Set stores an address
To understand more about this we need to take a peek(pun intended:-)) into memory.
VBA Objects in Memory
“Fools ignore complexity. Pragmatists suffer it. Some can avoid it. Geniuses remove it” – Alan Perlis
To understand what New and Set are doing we need to understand how variables are represented in memory.
When we declare variables, VBA creates a slot for them in memory. You can think of the slot as an Excel cell in memory.
Dim X As long, Y As Long
When we assign values to these variables, VBA places the new values in the appropriate slots.
X = 25 Y = 12
We saw the following line of code earlier in this post
Dim coll As New Collection
This line creates the object in memory. However, it doesn’t store this object in the variable. It stores the address of the object in the variable. In programming, this is known as a Pointer.
Because VBA handles this seamlessly it can seem as if the object variable and the object are the same thing. Once we understand they are different it is much easier to understand what Set is actually doing.
How Set Works
Take a look at the following code
Dim coll1 As New Collection Dim coll2 As Collection Set coll2 = coll1
Only one Collection has been created here. So coll1 and coll2 refer to the same Collection.
In this code, coll1 contains the address of the newly created Collection.
When we use Set we are copying the address from coll1 to coll2. So now they are both “pointing” to the same Collection in memory.
Earlier in the post we looked at Workbook variables. Let’s have a look at this code again
Dim wk1 As Workbook Set wk1 = Workbooks.Open("C:\Docs\Accounts.xlsx") Dim wk2 As Workbook Set wk2 = Workbooks("Accounts.xlsx") Dim wk3 As Workbook Set wk3 = Workbooks(2)
When we open the workbook Accounts.xlsx, VBA creates an object for this workbook. When we assign the workbook variables in the code above, VBA places the address of the workbook object in the variable.
In this code example, the three variables are all referring to the same workbook object.
If we use code like the following
wk1.SaveAs "C:\Temp\NewName.xlsx"
VBA uses the address in wk1 to determine the workbook object to use. It does this seamlessly so when we use a workbook variable it looks like we are referring directly to the object.
To sum up what we have learned in this section:
- Let writes a value to a basic variable
- Set writes an address to an object variable
Objects and Procedures
In VBA we can refer to Functions and Subs as procedures. When we pass an object to a procedure only the address passed.
When we pass an object from a Function(Subs cannot return anything) only the address of the object is passed back.
In the code below we have one collection. It is the address that gets passed to and from the function.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub TestProc() ' Create collection Dim coll1 As New Collection coll1.Add "Apple" coll1.Add "Orange" Dim coll2 As Collection ' UseCollection passes address back to coll2 Set coll2 = UseCollection(coll1) End Sub ' Address of collection passed to function Function UseCollection(coll As Collection) _ As Collection Set UseCollection = coll End Function
Using ByRef and ByVal
When we pass a simple variable to a procedure we can pass using ByRef or ByVal.
ByRef means we are passing the address of the variable. If the variable changes in the procedure the original will also be changed.
ByVal means we are creating a copy of the variable. If the variable changes in the procedure the original will not be changed.
' Pass by value Sub PassByVal(ByVal val As Long) ' Pass by reference Sub PassByRef(ByRef val As Long) Sub PassByRef(val As Long)
Most of the time it is a good idea to use ByVal because it prevents the variable being accidentally changed in a procedure.
When we pass a Collection to a procedure, we are always passing the address of the Collection.
ByRef and ByVal only affect the object variable. They do not affect the object!
What this means is that if we change the object in the procedure it will be changed outside it – this is regardless of whether you use ByVal or ByRef.
For example, in the code below we have two procedures that change the Collection. One uses ByRef and one uses ByVal. In both cases the Collection has changed when we return to the TestProcs Sub
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub TestProcs() Dim c As New Collection c.Add "Apple" PassByVal c ' Prints Pear Debug.Print c(1) PassByRef c ' Prints Plum Debug.Print c(1) End Sub ' Pass by value Sub PassByVal(ByVal coll As Collection) ' Remove current fruit and add Pear coll.Remove (1) coll.Add "Pear" End Sub ' Pass by reference Sub PassByRef(ByRef coll As Collection) ' Remove current fruit and add Plum coll.Remove (1) coll.Add "Plum" End Sub
Let’s look at a second example. Here we are setting the object variable to “point” to a new Collection. In this example, we get different results from ByVal and ByRef.
In the PassByVal Sub, a copy of the original object variable is created. So it is this copy that points to the new Collection. So our original object variable is not affected.
In the PassByRef Sub we are using the same object variable so when we point to the New Collection, our original object variable is now pointing to the new collection.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub TestProcs() Dim c As New Collection c.Add "Apple" PassByVal c ' Prints Apple as c pointing to same collection Debug.Print c(1) PassByRef c ' Prints Plum as c pointing to new Collecton Debug.Print c(1) End Sub ' Pass by value Sub PassByVal(ByVal coll As Collection) Set coll = New Collection coll.Add "Orange" End Sub ' Pass by reference Sub PassByRef(ByRef coll As Collection) Set coll = New Collection coll.Add "Plum" End Sub
Why VBA Uses Pointers
You may be wondering why VBA uses pointers. The reason is that it is much more efficient.
Imagine you had a Collection with 50000 entries. Think how inefficient it would be to create multiple copies of this Collection when your application was running.
Think of it like a library which is a real world collection of books. We can put the Library address in directories, newspapers etc. A person simply uses the address to go to the Library and add and remove books.
There is one Libary and the address is passed around to anyone who needs to use it.If we wanted a second library we would create a new library. It would have a different address which we could also pass around.
Running a Simple Memory Experiment
To demonstrate what we have been discussing, let’s look at a code example. The code below uses
- VarPtr to give the memory address of the variable
- ObjPtr to give the memory address of the object
The memory address is simply a long integer and it’s value is not important. But what is interesting is when we compare the addresses.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub Memory() Dim coll1 As New Collection Dim coll2 As Collection Set coll2 = coll1 ' Get address of the variables Coll1 and Coll2 Dim addrColl1 As Long, addrColl2 As Long addrColl1 = VarPtr(coll1) addrColl2 = VarPtr(coll2) Debug.Print "Address of the variable coll1 is " & addrColl1 Debug.Print "Address of the variable coll2 is " & addrColl2 ' Get address of the Collection they point to Dim addrCollection1 As Long, addrCollection2 As Long addrCollection1 = ObjPtr(coll1) addrCollection2 = ObjPtr(coll2) Debug.Print "Address coll1 collection is " & addrCollection1 Debug.Print "Address coll2 collection is " & addrCollection2 End Sub
Note: Use LongPtr instead of Long if you are using a 64 bit version of Excel.
When you run the code you will get a result like this:
Address of the variable coll1 is 29356848
Address of the variable coll2 is 29356844
Address coll1 collection is 663634280
Address coll2 collection is 663634280
you will notice
- The memory addresses will be different each time you run.
- The address of the coll1 Collection and the coll2 Collection will always be the same.
- The address of the coll1 variable and the coll2 variable will always be different.
This shows that we have two different variables which contain the address of the same Collection.
Cleaning Up Memory
So what happens if we set a variable to a New object multiple times? In the code below we use Set and New twice for the variable coll
Dim coll As Collection Set coll = New Collection coll.Add "Apple" ' Create a new collection and point coll to it Set coll = New Collection
In this example, we created two new Collections in memory. When we created the second collection we set coll to refer to it. This means it no longer refers to the first collection. In fact, nothing is referring to the first Collection and we have no way of accessing it.
In some languages(looking at you C++) this would be a memory leak. In VBA however, this memory will be cleaned up automatically. This is known as Garbage Collection.
Let me clarify this point. If an object has no variable referring to it, VBA will automatically delete the object in memory. In the above code, our Collection with “Apple” will be deleted when coll “points” to a new Collection.
Clean Up Example
If you want to see this for yourself then try the following.
Create a class module, call it clsCustomer and add the following code.
Public Firstname As String Private Sub Class_Terminate() MsgBox "Customer " & Firstname & " is being deleted." End Sub
Class_Terminate is called when an object is being deleted. By placing a message box in this event we can see exactly when it occurs.
Step through the following code using F8. When you pass the Set oCust = New clsCustomer line you will get a message saying the Jack was deleted.When you exit the function you will get the message saying Jill was deleted.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub TestCleanUp() Dim oCust As New clsCustomer oCust.Firstname = "Jack" ' Jack will be deleted after this line Set oCust = New clsCustomer oCust.Firstname = "Jill" End Sub
VBA automatically deletes objects when they go out of scope. This means if you declare them in a Sub/Function they will go out of scope when the Function ends.
Setting Objects to Nothing
In code examples you may see code like
Set coll = Nothing
A question that is often asked is “Do we need to Set variables to Nothing when we are finished with them?”. The answer is most of the time you don’t need to.
As we have seen VBA will automatically delete the object as soon as we go out of scope. So in most cases setting the object to Nothing is not doing anything.
The only time you would set a variable to Nothing is if you needed to empty memory straight away and couldn’t wait for the variable to go out of scope. An example would be emptying a Collection.
Imagine the following project. You open a workbook and for each worksheet you read all the customer data to a collection and process it in some way. In this scenario, you would set the Collection to Nothing every time you finish with a worksheet’s data.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub SetToNothing() ' Create collection Dim coll As New Collection Dim sh As Worksheet ' Go through all the worksheets For Each sh In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets ' Add items to collection ' Do something with the collection data ' Empty collection Set coll = Nothing Next sh End Sub
Memory Summary
To sum up what we have learned in this section:
- A new object is created in memory when we use the New keyword.
- The object variable contains only the memory address of the object.
- Using Set changes the address in the object variable.
- If an object is no longer referenced then VBA will automatically delete it.
- Setting an object to Nothing is not necessary in most cases.
Why Set Is Useful
Let’s look at two examples that show how useful Set can be.
First, we create a very simple class module called clsCustomer and add the following code
Public Firstname As String Public Surname As String
Set Example 1
In our first scenario, we are reading from a list of customers from a worksheet. The number of customers can vary between 10 and 1000.
Obviously, declaring 1000 objects isn’t an option. Not only is it a lot of wasteful code, it also means we can only deal with maximum 1000 customers.
' Don't do this!!! Dim oCustomer1 As New clsCustomer Dim oCustomer2 As New clsCustomer ' . ' . ' . Dim oCustomer1000 As New clsCustomer
What we do first is to get the count of rows with data. Then we create a customer object for each row and fill it with data. We then add this customer object to the collection.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub ReadCustomerData() ' We will always have one collection Dim coll As New Collection ' The number of customers can vary each time we read a sheet Dim lLastRow As Long lLastRow = Sheet1.Range("A" & Sheet1.Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row Dim oCustomer As clsCustomer Dim i As Long ' Read through the list of customers For i = 1 To lLastRow ' Create a new clsCustomer for each row Set oCustomer = New clsCustomer ' Add data oCustomer.Firstname = Sheet1.Range("A" & i) oCustomer.Surname = Sheet1.Range("B" & i) ' Add the clsCustomer object to the collection coll.Add oCustomer Next i End Sub
Each time we use Set we are assigning oCustomer to “point” to the newest object. We then add the customer to the Collection. What happens here is that VBA creates a copy of the object variable and places it in the collection.
Set Example 2
Let’s look at a second example where using Set is useful. Imagine we have a fixed number of customers but only want to read the ones whose name starts with the letter B. We only create a customer object when we find a valid one.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub ReadCustomerB() ' We will always have one collection Dim coll As New Collection Dim oCustomer As clsCustomer, sFirstname As String Dim i As Long ' Read through the list of customers For i = 1 To 100 sFirstname = Sheet1.Range("A" & i) ' Only create customer if name begins with B If Left(sFirstname, 1) = "B" Then ' Create a new clsCustomer Set oCustomer = New clsCustomer ' Add data oCustomer.Firstname = sFirstname oCustomer.Surname = Sheet1.Range("B" & i) ' Add to collection coll.Add oCustomer End If Next i End Sub
It doesn’t matter how many customer names start with B this code will create exactly one object for each one.
This concludes my post on VBA Objects. I hope you found it beneficial.In my next post I’ll be looking at how you can create your own objects in VBA using the Class Module.
If you have any questions or queries please feel free to add a comment or email me at Paul@ExcelMacroMastery.com.
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Simply brilliant stuff… I need to go over and over again to completely register in my head.
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Thanks afzal. Glad you like it.
so useful for me
Very good contents
thks
Amazing! Thank you 🙂
You’re welcome Murog
informative …. Thanks for publishing this wonderful content.
Got exactly what required.
Keep up the AWESOME work …. Big thumbs up
Thanks Shanmuga.
Awesome content! It’s help a lot, I learn vba time a go but now I’m taking it professional way!
The memory address in ObjPtr changes each time it executes, and the memory address in VarPtr does not change.
You wrote the exact opposite.
I didn’t write that, I wrote:
“The memory addresses will be different each time you run.
The address of the coll1 Collection and the coll2 Collection will always be the same.
The address of the coll1 variable and the coll2 variable will always be different.”
It is true that the memory address may be the same for collections if you keep running this code but it’s not guaranteed.
The other 2 lines are correct.
Thank you so much Paul,
I learned many things from your videos and articles. still reading go over again and again for calling to mind
sinsecerly from Turkey
This post is amazing. Thank you so much.
You’re welcome.
I copied and ran one of your examples to try things out and it created a mystery for me. you had a variable starting with a number and the procedure ran OK. However, if I tried to add another line with this variable it would not accept it (of course, a variable name must start with a letter)
Is this some kind of voodoo?
As Adam mentioned below you are probably confusing the lowercase letter L and the number 1.
missing between 1 and l
Brilliant Post, does a better job than most books out there on VBA. Thank you Paul and please keep up the good work
Thank you so much Paul. Very good contents
This is wonderful Paul.